Scientists from the University of Texas at Austin have found the first clear example of a fission in a wild chimpanzee community, which fractured into two warring groups. The researchers, led by evolutionary anthropologist Aaron Sandel, observed the largest known group of wild chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), in the rainforests of Uganda. The study suggests that shifting social relationships can drive a wedge between primates of the same culture. The findings could help scientists better understand the evolutionary roots of 'war' and 'peace' in our own societies. In the wild, chimps are known to attack other neighboring groups to defend and expand their territory or to raid resources, but this recent example in Uganda may be one such rarity.