AI in defense: How Anthropic, OpenAI are helping the US, Israel shape modern warfare
By Amichai Stein
Published on March 1, 2026.
The integration of large language models (LLMs) into the military “kill chain” represents a significant shift in modern warfare. The US military used Anthropic’s artificial intelligence model, "Claude," to assist in Israeli-US strikes against Iran, which resulted in the assassination of former Supreme Leader Ali Khamenei and other senior officials. However, a rift has opened between Silicon Valley and the defense establishment, with the Pentagon parting ways with Anthropic after the company refused to lift safety guardrails designed to prevent its AI from assisting in lethal operations. The integration of these tools into military operations is seen as a paradigm shift in warfare, with Israel already using these systems deeply in its military architecture. The Pentagon has now pivoted to a competitor with fewer qualms about military applications: OpenAI.
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