Pavel Durov, the co-founder of the Telegram messaging application, has warned that push notifications create a persistent, critical vulnerability to user privacy, even after messages and messaging applications that allow data storage have been deleted from a device. He cited a report by the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) for accessing deleted messages from a Signal user by accessing device notification logs on an Apple iPhone. This vulnerability has prompted the adoption of decentralized messaging applications, which have seen a surge in user interest since 2025 amid geopolitical tensions, nationwide communication blackouts and civil unrest. Durovan also highlighted the need for decentralized messaging apps that do not collect such data.