A NASA satellite photo has been taken showing a plume of sediment off the southwest coast of Florida after a blast of Arctic air from the Arctic was pushed over the eastern U.S. by the polar vortex. The blast, known as an Arctic blast, brought temperatures as low as minus 43 degrees Fahrenheit (minus 42 degrees Celsius) to parts of the Midwest and also caused severe winter weather in large parts of North America. The weather front also contributed to a giant underwater plume in the West Florida Shelf, a shallow water created by a submerged continental shelf off Florida's southwest coast. The plume, which consists mostly of calcium carbonate, stretched up to 150 miles from the coast at its widest point and stretched outward from Key West. Recent research suggests that Arctic blasts like this could become more common due to human-caused causes, which have made it more likely that polar vortex will stretch southward.