Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide with an estimated 2.5 million new cases and 1.8 million deaths in 2022. Over 1.3 million cases in men and nearly 500 000 cases in women are preventable due to tobacco smoking (60-70%), followed by air pollution and occupational exposure. Screening high risk individuals can help early detection and improve survival rates. Primary prevention includes tobacco control measures and reducing environmental risk factors. The two main types of lung cancer are non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which accounts for around 85% of cases, and small cell lungoma, which is less common but typically more aggressive. The primary treatment for early-stage lung cancer is surgical removal through procedures such as lobectomy, segmentectomy, or wedge resection. The treatment for metastatic stage lung cancer, where the cancer has spread to distant organs or lymph nodes, is based on various factors including the individual's overall health, the extent and location of metastases, histopathology, and genetic profile.