A study by Australian scientists has found that vaping nicotine is likely to cause lung and oral cancers. The research team, who published their findings in the journal Carcinogenesis, analyzed data from human data, animal experiments, and lab-based cellular studies published since 2017. They found consistent signs of DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation in human users, and found tumor development in mice exposed to vape aerosols. The researchers also found that compounds in vape liquid can disrupt cells in ways that mirror the effects of known cancer-causing carcinogens. The team acknowledges that their findings are not definitive but suggest a link between vaping and various cancers.