Kyoto, Japan's former imperial capital, has been home to a host of ghost stories and legends throughout its history. One of the city's most famous legends came after scholar Sugawara no Michizane was exiled from court in 901 and died two years later in disgrace, leading to the establishment of Kitano Tenmangu Shrine in 947. The Kiyotaki Tunnel, built in the early 20th century, is often ranked among Japan’s most haunted places. It is also closely associated with legendary yin and yang master Abe no Seimei, whose shrine, Seimei Shrine, stands nearby. The area around Sanjo Ohashi Bridge was reportedly used by warlord Toyotomi Hideyoshi as a site for public punishments during the Sengoku period, and the 26 Martyrs of Japan also had their earlobes cut off near the bridge before being marched to Nagasaki for execution.