U.S. conservatives have long viewed Hungarian Prime Minister Viktor Orban as a model for Western leaders who can control immigration, defy global institutions, and still win elections. However, as Hungary prepares for a parliamentary election, some, including President Donald Trump, are facing a tough test. If Orban loses, it could cast doubt on the durability of a political system marked by hardline nationalism and an erosion of democratic checks. This comes as momentum appears to be waning for some of Europe's far-right parties. Orban's Fidesz party is facing the toughest electoral challenge since returning to power in 2010. Despite high-profile backing from Washington, it is unlikely to change the outcome due to domestic issues such as the cost of living.