George Washington University law professor Jonathan Turley has warned of an increasingly aggressive tax strategy emerging from high-tax, Democrat-led states like New York, comparing them to those of Texas and Florida who are fleeing for other states. He compared these states' actions to that of a "deranged ex-spouse in denial" as they attempt to capture or trap individuals who have already relocated. Turley argues that such tactics reflect economic atrophy as wealth and businesses leave for other countries, while policymakers are instead focusing on capturing or trapping individuals who are already leaving. The pied-à-terre tax is part of a broader wave of tax hikes across blue states aimed at extracting revenue from wealthy residents before they relocate. California and other states have also proposed retroactive wealth taxes and so-called "Teddy Bear laws" that maintain tax residency even after individuals have moved.