The International Energy Agency (IE) chief, Fatih Birol, has warned that Europe may struggle to meet increasing jet fuel demand due to the Middle East crisis. The Strait of Hormuz, which previously carried roughly 20% of the world's oil supply, remains closed and Europe needs to secure alternative sources of jet fuel. Middle East refineries provide Europe with around 75% of Europe's jet fuel, but production from these facilities is now almost zero. European airlines, including Lufthansa and SAS, have already cut flights and routes due to this uncertainty. The IEA's chief also warned of the biggest energy security threat in history. The increased jet fuel prices pushed the industry into operating losses, leading to higher ticket fares and higher airline prices.