A team of scientists led by researchers at Uppsala University has found that antibiotics can cause gut microbiome alterations lasting up to eight years. The research was conducted using patient data covering almost 15,000 people and back eight years, and found that even a single course of treatment with certain types of antibiotics leaves traces. The strongest links were found for antibiotics such as fluoroquinolones and flucloxacilli. The researchers also found links between high antibiotic use and the likelihood of type 2 diabetes and gastrointestinal infections.