A recent analysis by several Chicago-based nonprofits suggests that the state of Illinois' 1.5 million toxic lead service lines could generate up to 90,000 jobs over the next decade if state lawmakers commit to sustained funding. The analysis, which focuses on the number of confirmed and suspected lead pipes, suggests that replacing all lead services could cost between $6 billion and $10 billion. Currently allocated federal funds could generate around 2,000 direct and 9,000 indirect jobs, but this could increase to 35,000 if Illinois lawmakers close a multi-billion-dollar funding gap. The cost of replacing lead services lines could be reduced by large-scale block-by-block replacements. The report also highlights the need for long-term funding, with estimates suggesting that Chicago could replace nearly 20,000 pipes annually starting in 2027. The public health consequences for children under six continue to rise, particularly due to high levels of lead in tap water. The burden is not evenly distributed among people of color in Illinois.