The Portland Metro Chamber has reported that the city's economy is in a crisis, with a report showing that the metro area lost 9,000 jobs last year and that multifamily housing construction has slowed to a crawl. The Metro Chamber, led by President Andrew Hoan, has described Portland as in an economic "doom loop," a term coined by Columbia Business School professor Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh to describe the strain on cities by the rise of remote work. Observers from across the political spectrum have suggested that Portland's economic situation is not what it needs to be due to the effects of federal disinvestment in housing and social services and changes to Oregon's property tax laws. However, there is ideological disagreement on how best to achieve these goals.