The U.S. Justice Department has accused Iran's Ministry of Intelligence and Security (MOIS) of operating the hacktivist group Handala, which claimed responsibility for a cyberattack against Stryker. The department stated that Handala was a fake activist persona used by the Iranian ministry to carry out "psychological operations" against its enemies and to claim responsibility for cyberattacks. The group also called for the killing of journalists, regime dissidents, and Israeli persons. The DOJ has also seized two other domains allegedly used by Iran’s MOIS via another hacker persona called “Justice Homeland” or “Homeland Justice” and accused Iranian government hackers of using these domains to claim responsible for hacking the Albanian government in 2022.