Human Consciousness Is an Illusion, Scientists Say
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By Stav Dimitropoulos
Published on March 20, 2026.
Scientists have argued that human consciousness is an illusion, or the theory that all forms of the universe are fully awake. This concept, panpsychism, has been around for hundreds of years, coined by Italian philosopher Francesco Patrizi in the late 16th century. The concept suggests that everything in the world, including the human body, is fully awake and has a mind or a mind-like quality. However, Keith Frankish, a professor of philosophy at the University of Sheffield, argues that today's panpsychistism is in a "metaphysical limbo" due to the illusion of consciousness. He suggests that while panpsychists believe consciousness is everywhere, we only think it exists due to our own illusions about our minds, which he calls illusionism. He also suggests that humans have expanded their own view of consciousness through evolution, rather than evolution.
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