John F. Kennedy Jr., his wife, Carolyn Bessette, and her sister, Lauren, died in a plane crash on July 16, 1999, killing all three aboard. The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) revealed that several witnesses, pilots, and medical experts were unable to prevent the fatal plane crash. The NTSB report stated that John, the son of late President John F Kennedy and Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, was piloting a small aircraft from Essex Airport in Caldwell, New Jersey, to Martha’s Vineyard to drop off Lauren and then Hyannis Port with Carolyn for Carolyn's sister's wedding. Investigators believe John experienced spatial disorientation, causing the aircraft to plummet into the ocean. The report also revealed that John relied on his flight instructor to assist him with landing an airplane he was flying due to an ankle fracture a month prior. Despite this, John had previously refused to fly with a flight instructor on the day of the accident.